ssh-keygen -t rsa
You should not enter any passphrase. Now you should have ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub file (it's a default file, you could change the path of course) that is your public key that will be seen from the outside (kind of security passage ;)). So you need to put that key on the server, so it could identify your account. To do it you should place content of your local id_rsa.pub to the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys on the server (if this file does not exists - create it, f it exists do not erase it, just append your key on the end of the file - you can access you server's account via public keys from many remote accounts if you want to).
To copy your key to the server you can use copy & paste if you use some gui or use "oldschool" method:
cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh server_login@server_address 'cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys'
After that you should be able to login on the server without any password. It is also very useful if you have some other services on the server that use ssh protocol - git is a good example.